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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литье и металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-6065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0406</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1683-6065-2019-2-9-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lim-2854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Литейное производство</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Foundry</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Научная проблема металлических расплавов. Пути решения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific problem of metal melts. Solutions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марукович</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marukovich</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">lms@itm.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стеценко</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stetsenko</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><email xlink:type="simple">lms@itm.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт технологии металлов НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Technology of Metals of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Марукович Е.И., Стеценко В.Ю., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марукович Е.И., Стеценко В.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marukovich E.I., Stetsenko V.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lim.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2854">https://lim.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2854</self-uri><abstract><p>В существующих теориях жидкого состояния металлов и сплавов основным структурным элементом является атом. Это создает серьезную проблему в научном понимании механизма процесса плавления и свойств металлических расплавов. Для решения этой проблемы необходимо считать, что основным структурным элементом жидких металлов и сплавов является нанокристалл. В результате исследований установлено, что металлические расплавы – равновесные двухфазные системы, состоящие в среднем на 97% из нанокристаллов и на 3% – из атомов, которые образуют бесструктурную зону.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the existing theories of liquid state of metals and alloys the basic structural element is atom. It creates a serious problem in scientific understanding of the mechanism of process of melt and properties of metal melts. For the solution of this problem it is necessary to consider that the basic structural element of liquid metals and alloys is the nanocrystal. As a result of researches it was set that metal melts are the equilibrium two-phase systems consisting on average of 97% from nanocrystals and of 3% from atoms, which form an unstructured zone.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расплав</kwd><kwd>нанокристалл</kwd><kwd>центры кристаллизации</kwd><kwd>атомы</kwd><kwd>микрокристалл</kwd><kwd>кластеры</kwd><kwd>металлы</kwd><kwd>сплавы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>melt</kwd><kwd>nanocrystal</kwd><kwd>crystallization centers</kwd><kwd>atoms</kwd><kwd>microcrystal</kwd><kwd>clusters</kwd><kwd>metals</kwd><kwd>alloys</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ершов Г. С., Бычков Ю. Б. Высокопрочные алюминиевые сплавы на основе вторичного сырья. М.: Металлургия, 1979. 192 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ershov G. S., Bychkov Yu. B. 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