limЛитье и металлургияLitiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY)1683-60652414-0406BNTU10.21122/1683-6065-2020-1-56-64lim-3181Research ArticleМатериаловедениеScience of materialsСпособы получения неразъемных соединений сплавов на основе алюминия и титанаMethods for producing permanent joints of aluminum and titanium alloysНемененокБ. М.NemenenokB. M.

г. Минск, пр. Независимости, 65

nemenenok@bntu.byРафальскийИ. В.RafalskiI. V.

г. Минск, пр. Независимости, 65

ЛущикП. Е.LushchikP. E.,

г. Минск, пр. Независимости, 65

РадченкоА. А.RadchenkoA. A.

Минск, ул. Платонова, 41

radch.aa@gmail.comБелорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian National Technical UniversityBelarusИнститут порошковой металлургии им. акад. О. В. Романа НАН БеларусиБеларусьPowder Metallurgy Institute named after Academician O. V. Romana», National Academy of Science of BelarusBelarus202007042020015664Copyright © Немененок Б.М., Рафальский И.В., Лущик П.Е., Радченко А.А., 20202020Немененок Б.М., Рафальский И.В., Лущик П.Е., Радченко А.А.Nemenenok B.M., Rafalski I.V., Lushchik P.E., Radchenko A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://lim.bntu.by/jour/article/view/3181

Представлены результаты анализа теоретических и экспериментальных исследований способов получения неразъемных соединений разнородных металлов и сплавов, а также преимущества, проблемы реализации и перспективы использования процессов сварки трением с перемешиванием для соединения титановых и алюминиевых сплавов. Отмечается, что большинство исследований посвящено сварке трением с перемешиванием легких металлов, таких, как алюминий, медь, магний и их сплавы. Несмотря на большой научный и практический интерес, процессы сварки трением с перемешиванием сплавов и металломатричных композиционных материалов на основе алюминия и титана изучены менее тщательно и требуют дополнительного внимания.

Учитывая разнообразие и сложность сварки трением с перемешиванием, отсутствие правильной оценки реакционной способности, свойств и конструктивных особенностей алюминиевых и титановых сплавов может привести к ряду проблем, связанных с изменением структуры материалов и дефектами зоны сварки, что сопровождается неизбежным ухудшением механических характеристик готовых соединений.

The results of the analysis of theoretical and experimental studies of methods for producing permanent joints of dissimilar metals and alloys are presented, as well as the advantages, implementation problems and prospects of using friction stir welding to join titanium and aluminum alloys. It is noted that most studies focus on friction stir welding of light metals such as aluminum, copper, magnesium and their alloys. Despite the great scientific and practical interest, the friction stir welding processes of alloys and metal-matrix composite materials based on aluminum and titanium have been studied less thoroughly and require additional attention.

Given the variety and complexity of friction stir welding, the lack of a correct assessment of the reactivity, properties and design features of aluminum and titanium alloys can lead to a number of problems associated with a change in the structure of materials and defects in the welding zone, which is accompanied by the inevitable deterioration of the mechanical characteristics of the finished joints.

алюминиевые и титановые сплавынеразъемные соединениясварка трением с перемешиваниемaluminum and titanium alloyspermanent jointsfriction stir weldingReferencesFabrizio M. Friction Stir Welding as an effective alternative technique for light structural alloys mixed joints / M. Fabrizio, B. Gianluca, S. Pellegrino, L. Fratini // 11th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2014, 19–24 October 2014, Nagoya Congress Center, Nagoya, Japan. Procedia Engineering 81 (2014), pp. 74–83.Fabrizio M., Buffa G., Pellegrino S., Fratini L. Friction Stir Welding as an effective alternative technique for light structural alloys mixed joints. 11th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2014, 19–24 October 2014, Nagoya Congress Center, Nagoya, Japan. Procedia Engineering 81 (2014), pp. 74–83.Winiowski A. Brazing of titanium with aluminium alloys / A. Winiowski, D. Majewski // Arch. Metall. Mater. 2017. Vol. 62 (2). P. 763–770.Winiowski A., Majewski D. Brazing of titanium with aluminium alloys. Arch. Metall. Mater. 2017, vol. 62 (2), pp. 763–770.Modi S. Mixed Material Joining Advancements and Challenges / S. Modi, M. Stevens, M. Chess // Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, MI. May 2017. 29 p.Modi S., Stevens M., Chess M. Mixed Material Joining Advancements and Challenges. Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, MI. May 2017. 29 p.The website of the International Aluminium Institute (IAI): http:// www. world-aluminium. org; 28.08.2019.The website of the International Aluminium Institute (IAI): http:// www. world-aluminium. org; 28.08.2019.Kah P. Techniques for joining dissimilar materials: metals and polimers / P. Kah, R. Suoranta, J. Martikainen, C. Magnus // Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 2014. Vol. 36. P. 152–164.Kah P., Suoranta R., Martikainen J., Magnus C. Techniques for joining dissimilar materials: metals and polimers / Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 2014, vol. 36, pp. 152–164.Weis S. Research trends in brazing and soldering / S Weis, V Fedorov, M Elssner, T Uhlig [et al.] // Przegląd Spawalnictwa. 2017. Vol. 89 (7). P. 37–44.Weis S., Fedorov V., Elssner M., Uhlig T. [et al.]. Research trends in brazing and soldering. Przegląd Spawalnictwa, 2017, vol. 89 (7), pp. 37–44.British Standards Institution, 1983 BS 499: Part 1 [Welding Terms and Symbols, Glossary of welding, brazing and thermal cutting].British Standards Institution, 1983 BS 499: Part 1 [Welding Terms and Symbols, Glossary of welding, brazing and thermal cutting].Vaidya W. V. Improving interfacial properties of a laser beam welded dissimilar joint of aluminium AA6056 and titanium Ti6Al4V for aeronautical applications / W. V. Vaidya, M. Horstmann, V. Ventzke [et al.] // Journal of Materials Science. 2010. Vol. 45 (22). P. 6242–6254.Vaidya W. V., Horstmann M., Ventzke V. [et al.] Improving interfacial properties of a laser beam welded dissimilar joint of aluminium AA6056 and titanium Ti6Al4V for aeronautical applications. Journal of Materials Science, 2010, vol. 45 (22), pp. 6242–6254.Mishra R. S. Friction stir welding/processing studies of aluminum alloy & titanium 64 / R. S. Mishra, P. Rani // International Journal of Research in Engineering and Innovation. 2017. Vol. 1, no. 1. P. 209–217.Mishra R. S., Rani P. Friction stir welding/processing studies of aluminum alloy & titanium 64. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Innovation, 2017, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 209–217.Карманов В. В. Сварка трением с перемешиванием алюминиевых сплавов: сущность и специфические особенности процесса, особенности структуры сварного шва / В. В. Карманов, А. Л. Каменева, В. В. Карманов // Вестн. ПНИПУ. Аэрокосмическая техника. 2012. № 32. С. 6780.Karmanov V. V., Kameneva A. L., Karmanov V. V. Svarka treniem s peremeshivaniem alyuminievyh splavov: suschnost I specificheskie osobennosti processa, osobennosti struktury svarnogo shva [Friction stir welding of aluminum alloys: the nature and specific features of the process, structural features of the weld]. Bulletin of PNIPU. Aerospace Engineering, 2012, no. 32, pp. 67–80.Lokesh R. Optimization of process parameters: tool pin profile, rotational speed and welding speed for submerged friction stir welding of AA6063 alloy / R. Lokesh, V. S. Senthil Kumar, C. Rathinasuriyan, R. Sankar // International Journal of Technical Research and Applications. 2015. Special Issue 12. P. 35–38.Lokesh R., Senthil Kumar V. S., Rathinasuriyan C., Sankar R. Optimization of process parameters: tool pin profile, rotational speed and welding speed for submerged friction stir welding of AA6063 alloy. International Journal of Technical Research and Applications, 2015, Special Issue 12, pp. 35–38.Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy. Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA2024-T4 Aluminum Alloy / Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy, Mohamed M. Ghanem, Haitham Bahaitham // Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 2018. Vol. 8, no. 1. P. 2493–2498.Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy, Mohamed M. Ghanem, Haitham Bahaitham. Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA2024-T4 Aluminum Alloy. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 2018, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2493–2498.Fall A. Tool Wear Characteristics and Effect on Microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V Friction Stir Welded Joints / Ameth Fall, Mostafa Hashemi Fesharaki, Ali Reza Khodabandeh, Mohammad Jahazi // Metals. 2016. Vol. 6, no. 275. 12 p.Fall A., Hashemi Fesharaki M., Khodabandeh A. R., Jahazi M. Tool Wear Characteristics and Effect on Microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V Friction Stir Welded Joints. Metals. 2016. Vol. 6, 275. 12 p.Gangwar K. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction StirWelded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: TIMET-54M and ATI-425 / K. Gangwar, M. Ramulu, A. Cantrell, D. G. Sanders // Metals. 2016. Vol. 6, no. 252. 14 p.Kapil Gangwar. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction StirWelded Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: TIMET-54M and ATI-425 / Kapil Gangwar, M. Ramulu, Andrew Cantrell, Daniel G. Sanders. Metals. 2016. Vol. 6, 252. 14 p.Gangwar K. Friction Stir Welding of near α and α+β Titanium Alloys: Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization /Kapil Gangwar, Ramulu Mamidala, Daniel G. Sanders // Metals. 2017. Vol. 7, no. 565. 23 p.Gangwar K., Ramulu M., Sanders D. G. Friction Stir Welding of near α and α+β Titanium Alloys: Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization. Metals, 2017, vol. 7 (565), 23 p..Karna S. Recent Developments and Research Progress on Friction Stir Welding of Titanium Alloys: An Overview / Sivaji Karna, Muralimohan Cheepu, D. Venkateswarulu, V. Srikanth // IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018, Issue 330. 16 p.Karna S., Cheepu M., Venkateswarulu D., Srikanth V. Recent Developments and Research Progress on Friction Stir Welding of Titanium Alloys: An Overview. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, Issue 330. 16 p.Майстренко А. Л. Моделирование тепловых процессов для улучшения структуры металлов и сплавов методом трения с перемешиванием / А. Л. Майстренко, В. М. Нестеренков, В. А. Дутка [и др.] // Автоматическая сварка. 2015. № 1. С. 5–14.Maistrenko A. L., Nesterenkov V. M., Dutka V. A. [et al.] Modelirovanie teplovyh processov dlya uluchshenia struktury metallov I splavov metodom trenia s peremeshivaniem [Modeling of thermal processes to improve the structure of metals and alloys by friction stir welding]. Automatichesaya svarka = Automatic welding, 2015, no. 1, p. 5–14.Verma S. M. A critical review of friction stir welding process / S. M. Verma, & J. P. Misra // DAAAM International Scientific Book. 2015. P. 249–266.Verma S. M., Misra J. P. A critical review of friction stir welding process. DAAAM International Scientific Book, 2015, pp. 249–266.Способ сварки металлов трением: а. с. 195846 / Ю. В. Клименко. Опубл. 04.05.1967.Klimenko U. V. Sposov svarki metallov treniem [Method of friction stir welding of metals]: a. s. 195846. 04.05.1967.Thomas W. M. Improvements relating to friction welding: pat. WO1993010935A1 GB / W. M. Thomas, E. D. Nicholas, J. C. Needham [et al.]. Priority data 06.12.1991.Thomas W. M., Nicholas E. D., Needham J. C. [et al.]. Improvements relating to friction welding: pat. WO1993010935A1 GB. Priority data 06.12.1991.Selamat N. F. M. Friction stir welding of similar and dissimilar aluminium alloys for automotive applications / N. F. M. Selamat, A. H. Baghdadi, Z. Sajuri, A. H. Kokabi // International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering. 2016. Vol. 13, Issue 2. P. 3401–3412.Selamat N. F. M., Baghdadi A. H., Sajuri Z., Kokabi A. H. Friction stir welding of similar and dissimilar aluminium alloys for automotive applications. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 2016, vol. 13, Issue 2, pp. 3401–3412.JaiSingh. Optimization and Analysis of Hardness of Friction Stir Welding for Joining Aluminum Alloy 6105 using Taguchi Technique / JaiSingh, BikramJitSingh // Cikitusi Journal for Multidisciplinary Research. 2019. Vol. 6. Issue 3. P. 187–202.JaiSingh., BikramJitSingh Optimization and Analysis of Hardness of Friction Stir Welding for Joining Aluminum Alloy 6105 using Taguchi Technique. Cikitusi Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 2019, vol. 6, Issue 3, pp. 187–202.Brassington W. D. P. Alternative Friction Stir Welding Technology for Titanium-6Al-4V Propellant Tanks within the Space Industry / W. D. P. Brassington, P. A. Colegrove // Science and Technology of Welding and Joining. 2017. Vol. 22, Issue 4. P. 300–318.Brassington W. D. P., Colegrove P. A. Alternative Friction Stir Welding Technology for Titanium-6Al-4V Propellant Tanks within the Space Industry. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2017, vol. 22, Issue 4, pp. 300–318.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.