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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Литье и металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-6065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0406</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1683-6065-2024-4-68-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lim-3742</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материаловедение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Science of materials</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние величины зерна проката экономнолегированной стали 21ХГНМБА на качество изготовления зубчатых колес</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence  of the grain  size of rolled sparingly  alloyed steel on the quality of manufacture of gears</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">sprud.47@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валько</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Val’ko</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сандомирский</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sandomirski</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт машиностроения НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the  National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Руденко С.П., Валько А.Л., Сандомирский С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Руденко С.П., Валько А.Л., Сандомирский С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rudenko S.P., Val’ko A.L., Sandomirski S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lim.bntu.by/jour/article/view/3742">https://lim.bntu.by/jour/article/view/3742</self-uri><abstract/><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A rational set of mechanical properties and high hardenability of the diffusion layer ensure the use of sparingly alloyed steels for large‑module gears. The technology currently used by metallurgical plants for the production of hot‑rolled carburized steel does not ensure a stable production of a fine‑grained structure in products. The results of studies of rolled samples of sparingly alloyed structural steel 21KhGNMBA, heat‑treated according to different technological schemes are given. It has been established that at the same austenitic grain of the metal, rolled products from two suppliers differ significantly in the size of the actual grain. Coarse‑grained microstructure structure is explained by peculiarities of heat treatment of rolled products with long delayed cooling at incomplete annealing without recrystallization. It was obtained that the initial coarse‑grained structure of rolled products increased the tendency to grain aggregation of products during subsequent high‑temperature treatment, which led to an increase in the hardenability of steel and increased kinematic error of gears made of this rolled product.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономнолегированная сталь</kwd><kwd>горячекатаный прокат</kwd><kwd>величина зерна</kwd><kwd>цементуемые зубчатые колеса</kwd><kwd>накопленная погрешность шага</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sparingly alloyed steel</kwd><kwd>hot‑rolled steel</kwd><kwd>grain size</kwd><kwd>case‑hardened gears</kwd><kwd>accumulated pitch error</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалов, Л. В. Роль и приоритетные направления конструкционной надежности машин при современных тенденциях развития машиностроения / Л. 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