Analysis of modern methods of restoration and strengthening of quick‑wearing working parts of agricultural machinery

The continuous operational life of agricultural machinery is severely limited by the rapid wear of working parts (e. g., plough shares, cultivator sweeps) primarily due to abrasive wear caused by hard soil particles like quartz. To improve efficiency, the mate rial trend is shifting from standard alloy steels towards high-strength, wear-resistant materials like boron-containing steels. Among surface treatment technologies, hardfacing (welding overlay) is the preferred method because it achieves a metallurgical bond (optimal adhesion) between the coating and the base material. Plasma hardfacing (PH) and laser cladding (LC) are the most prom ising variants, with PH offering high stability and cost-effectiveness (increasing service life by 1.5–4.5 times), and LC yielding fine grained, high-hardness coatings despite its high cost. The future development focuses on utilizing iron-based self-fluxing alloy powders (for example, with tungstem carbide or borides additions) as a cost-effective alternative to expensive cobalt/nickel alloys, and employing combined technologies (such as ultrasonic impact or induction preheating) to overcome common hardfacing defects (e. g., cracks and deformation), thereby further enhancing the comprehensive performance and service life of the working parts.

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