It has been shown that the main influence on the crystallization of heat‑resistant chromium steels is hydrogen. It is a demodifying element of the casting structure. The mechanism of the influence of hydrogen on the crystallization of heat‑resistant chromium steels can be explained from the position of nanostructured crystallization of casting alloys. Dissolved hydrogen atoms, adsorbing on elementary nanocrystals of iron and chromium in melts of heat‑resistant chromium steels, prevent the combination of nanocrystals into nuclei of crystallization of α‑phase microcrystals. As a result, castings with an unmodified structure are obtained. Reduction of hydrogen concentration in melts of heat‑resistant chromium steels contributes to formation of modified structure in castings at their hardening.

It has been shown that elementary crystalline cells of α‑phases of tin, aluminum bronzes and main modifying phases do not correspond to the principle of structural and dimensional correspondence of Dankov‑Konobeevsky. Modifying structures in tin and aluminum bronze castings is a nanostructured process. The main role of tin and aluminum bronze modifiers is to significantly reduce the concentration of adsorbed hydrogen, which prevents the formation of crystallization centers of α‑phase microcrystals in castings when they solidify.

It has been shown that elementary crystal lattices of basic phases and oxides of casting alloys do not satisfy the principle of structural and dimensional correspondence. Formation of crystallization centers during solidification of casting alloys is a nanostructured process. The main demodifying element in melt crystallization is adsorbed hydrogen. It prevents the integration of nanocrystals into the nucleus of crystallization of the main phases of casting alloys. When the melt overheats, adsorption and desorption of hydrogen atoms occur. The predominance of one of these processes explains the features of crystallization of cast‑ ingalloys. Prior to critical superheating of the melt, the adsorption of hydrogen atoms prevails. As a result, molds with an unmodified structure are formed. When the melt overheats above the critical one, the process of desorption of hydrogen atoms prevails. As a result, molds with a modified structure are formed.

The paper deals with the processing of rubber‑containing products by pyrolysis in order to obtain pyrolytic carbon, which is of practical interest for the needs of the foundry. It has been established that the process of gas phase evolution during rubber pyrolysis proceeds in the temperature range of 50–550 °C, the maximum release peaks for all detected substances are in the range of 375–500 °C, the total release is over 140 mg per kg of feedstock. It was found that the concentration and temperature of the exhaust gases make it possible to neutralize them in an autocatalytic mode using the principle of filtration combustion. It is shown that the optimal temperature for obtaining a solid carbonaceous residue (target product) is 320–380 °C, an increase in temperature above 500 °C leads to a decrease in the mass fraction of pyrolytic carbon from 64.8 to 31.9 %, respectively, the proportion of exhaust gases increases from 5 to 8 %, and heating oil yield from 30.2 to 60.1 %.

We are witnessing how today the world is facing new challenges and new revolutionary trends in terms of further technological development and the formation of a new sixth technological order that challenges established and commercially available technologies. The increasing complexity, breadth, depth and speed of change, volatile markets and breakthrough technologies require new thinking, readiness for change, and time forces us to move faster.

The article contains an overview of global trends in industrial development, advanced technological trends and technologies for the development of domestic metallurgy, carried out in the period 2019–2022, based on the following materials: Internet resources of the world’s leading manufacturers and suppliers of technology and equipment in metallurgy; the Strategy “science and technology: 2018–2040”; the Concept of the National Strategy for Sustainable Development of the Republic of Belarus on the period up to 2035; the National Strategy for Sustainable Socio‑Economic Development of the Republic of Belarus for the period up to 2030; Programs of socio‑economic development of the Republic of Belarus for the period 2021–2025; Priority areas of scientific, scientific, technical and innovative activities for 2021–2025; the Eurasian Economic Union; the International Conference “Designing the Future. Problems of digital reality”; Significant events in the Republic of Belarus in 2021–2022 on the development of industry.

The article presents the results of research in the field of synthesis of multifunctional ceramic materials for metallurgical, machine‑tool and other industries related to the processing of metals, their alloys and products from them; current trends and trends associated with the production of products from such materials; provides information on expanding the domestic raw material base for the production of ceramics with the involvement of domestic enterprises, and also, the prospects for the development of industrial potential for the organization of the production of such products.

The process of heat treatment (homogenization) of workpieces before rolling has been developed, the homogenization annealing of hypereutectoid grades of steels in rolling production has been improved. Because of the improvement, it was possible to combine the process of heating to the temperature of plastic deformation and the process of homogenization of workpieces. In particular, the optimal mode of heating and holding at certain temperatures in a pass‑through heating furnace was determined in order to reduce the carbide heterogeneity (liquation) of steel and reduce costs. Homogenization is a technological process carried out over a two‑ or multiphase system, during which the degree of heterogeneity of the distribution of carbide phases over the volume of a heterophase system decreases.

The article discusses the possibility of using silicon carbide as the main component for preliminary deoxidation of a carbonaceous intermediate product when the latter is discharged from the converter into a ladle in order to adjust the costs of tradition‑ ally used deoxidizing materials. It has been established that the use of silicon carbide as a deoxidizer is economically feasible in the smelting of low‑carbon low‑alloy steels of converter production.

The method of adding the material is described and the results of the work performed are presented.

Under tensile deformation, the effect of pearlite fineness and strain hardening parameters under uniform and local deformation on the plastic properties of high‑carbon steel has been studied. The increase in the plasticity of pearlitic steel with a thin‑lamellar structure is due to an increase in the intensity of strain hardening in the region of concentrated deformation and an increase in the deformability of cementite plates. For the structures of thin‑lamellar pearlite, the ratio between the interlamellar distance and the value of the relative narrowing is given.

The article describes the technical capabilities of the SAP HANA platform and database, which is the basis for the deployment of the SAP S/4 HANA innovative ERP system and modules derived from it. The principles of operation, the main tools and capabilities of the platform are described. The requirements for software and hardware for the deployment and maintenance of this platform at large manufacturing enterprises are defined. Practical studies of the speed of work on this platform and an cverview of some tools have been carried out. The platform is developed using advanced technologies that provide high‑speed information processing and secure storage, meeting the requirements of modern business and users.

The article reveals the process of making up the planned initial cost of finished products and detailing indirect costs on the long‑range production example by means of the “Controlling” module of the SAP ERP system. The problems of displaying indirect costs for product that practically do not depend on the quantity of products produced, and calculating direct costs through a specification mechanism based on a basic material records reference book have been solved. As a solution, the key settings implementation in the system configuration and the set of planning interface programs implementation developed in the ABAP/4 programming language were used.

The article presents the studies’ results aimed at structure and properties learning of steel samples obtained by layer‑by‑layer application of structural material in the form of powder and wire. The ways that allow controlling the grain size in the formed products are given. It is shown that the structural products grinding manufactured by selective laser fusion can be achieved using powders obtained by reaction mechanical alloying and products formed by plasma and arc surfacing – by optimizing the conditions for applying layers.

It has been established that the optimal productivity of a 3,5 m high furnace in terms of the highest energy efficiency of its operation is 500 kg of chips per hour. It follows from the calculations and their analysis that it is practically possible to increase the productivity of the furnace by varying not only the operating parameters (power of the gas burner and inductor), but also the design parameters (furnace height, muffle flow area, number of burners and their effective location relative to the muffle).

The technology of modification of textile mixed materials using carbon and zirconium targets has been developed. A change in the structure of a composite material based on a 07C11‑KV mixed fabric (produced by Mogotex OJSC) modified with carbon and zirconium clusters after exposure at low temperatures (up to ‑40 °C) in a climatic chamber was investigated. It is shown that at temperatures ‑20 – ‑30 °C, the material is de‑fibrous. At ‑40 °C, there is no de‑fibering, fiber straightening is observed. The continuity of the coating is maintained for all test variants.

The work is devoted to assessing the quality of fastening the abrasive component to the metal base by gluing on the example of a clutch disc. An assessment of the operability of the patented technique for testing for conditional shear of glued joints is given. The paper proposes a method of using foamed materials to create one‑time or single model kits for the production of missing parts for mechanical engineering.

The influence of the composition of saturating mixtures with standard zinc powder and zinc dust on the change in the size and weight of the samples was studied under laboratory conditions. It is shown that with an increase in the amount of the zinc component in the composition of the saturating mixture in the form of zinc powder (Znst) or hot‑dip galvanizing waste‑zinc dust (Znotx), the thickness of the galvanized product also increases. The obtained graphic dependences of the growth of the thickness of the samples on the amount of zinc components have the same pattern of change. It is also shown that with an increase in the zinc component in the composition of the saturating mixture in the form of zinc powder (Znst) or hot‑dip galvanizing waste – zinc dust (Znotx), the mass of the galvanized product also increases. The graphic dependences of the growth of their mass on the amount of different zinc components also have the same character of change.

It has been established that the most intensive character of the growth in the values of the size and mass of the product is observed when the content of the zinc‑containing component in the mixture is more than 60 % for both saturating media, whether in the Znst‑Al2O3 or Znout‑Al2O3 medium. At the same time, products galvanized in a saturating Znst‑Al2O3 medium have large dimensions and masses.

The rheological properties of the alloy E125 (Zr‑2.5 %Nb) were studied in the range of deformation rates 0.5–15 s‑1 and the temperature range 20–770 °C. A database for computer FEM modeling was created in the specified temperature and speed ranges. In the DEFORM‑3D software package, numerical simulation of a complex radial shear rolling process was carried out using the obtained database. The conditions conducive to the grinding of the alloy structure into an ultrafine‑grained state were determined. Based on the simulation results, a full‑scale experiment of rolling a bar made of alloy E125 on a radial shear rolling mill RSP‑14/40 in 7 passes from a diameter of 37 mm to 20 mm with a total compression in diameter of ε = 85 % was carried out. At the same time, according to the modeling, the total accumulated deformation in the most developed peripheral zone was 27,5 mm/mm. Due to the complex vortex flow of the metal, the distribution of accumulated deformation over the cross section was uneven with a gradient to the axial zone. This should also affect the change in the structure. The changes and the gradient of the structure were studied by the method of EBSD mapping of the sample section with a resolution of 2 mm. The microhardness gradient of the cross section was also investigated by the HV method. The axial and central zones of the sample were studied on the. The structure has a pronounced gradient from the formed equiaxed ultrafine‑grained (UMZ) structure on several outer millimeters of the peripheral section to an elongated rolling texture in the center of the rod. The work shows the possibility of processing with the formation of a gradient structure with enhanced properties for the E125 alloy, and also presents a database for FEM calculations.

It is shown that synthesized rare–earth elements – lanthanum and cerium – were detected as a result of the effect of the ultra‑deep penetration process (SDP) on the welding zone of two steel plates. When moving in the welding zone of clumps of microparticles, channels are formed where fibers are formed, in which new chemical elements from the group of rare earth metals – lanthanum and cerium – are synthesized due to additional energy.

The production factors of working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers are considered, the actual values of the parameters under consideration and their impact on the body of workers are given. The most common among foundry workers are diseases from exposure to dust (silicosis and dust bronchitis), vibration (vibration disease), and noise (sensor neural hearing loss). When assessing the working conditions of workers in foundries, it is necessary to take into account the impact of a complex of factors of the production environment, the technological processes and equipment used, the duration of stay working in the zone of factors.

The results of the study of workers working conditions at the areas of the manufacture of castings from copper alloys are presented. It is noted that the main production factors of working conditions are noise, vibration, dustiness, gas contamination, temperature, intensity of infrared (thermal) radiation, severity and labor process intensity. The results have shown that at all workplaces there are exceedances of permissible values for noise and local vibration, the content of dust and harmful substances in the air of the working environment, the intensity of infrared (thermal) radiation and temperature. It is noted that the work performed due to the severity and labor process intensity can negatively affect the workers’ health.